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1.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 36: e20220118, jun.2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514269

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background To offer proper medical care to patients with ST-segment Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) in low- and middle-income settings (LMIS) is challenging. However, it is not known if performance indicators have changed back after the epidemiological recovery. Objective to describe performance measures (PM) in patients with STEMI during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Observational study of patients with STEMI, from an LMIS, with analysis of PM suggested in the 2017 AHA-ACC Performance Measures for Adults with STEMI. COVID-19 period was determined from January 2020 to October 2021, and from November 2021 to February 2022 as the post-COVID-19 period. Baseline characteristics, treatments and selected PM were compared using the χ2 test or Mann-Whitney U test. All tests were two-sided, and statistical significance was considered as p-value <0.05. Coronary interventionism-related PM were not reported. Results Administration of thrombolysis decreased (71.2% vs 51.6% (p: 0.001)), while the delay time for its administration (Median (Interquartile Range)) increased considerably (30 min (16-60) to 45 min (35- 60) (p: 0.003)). Aspirin at admission was administered in each period at 92.9% vs 94.2% (p: 0.62); and at discharge to 97.8% vs 98.9% (p: 0.48). Beta-blockers, P2Y12 inhibitors, statins, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in patients with heart failure were administered to 67.1% vs 85.1% (p: 0.01), 96.4% vs 84% (p: 0.001), 96.2 % vs 95.7% (p: 1), and 81.2% vs 94.3% (p: 0.14), respectively. Conclusion Despite this being a current period of epidemiological recovery, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to negatively impact the care of patients with STEMI.

2.
Rev. cuba. med ; 61(2): e2589, abr.-jun. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1408998

ABSTRACT

Prescritos en la práctica clínica por su eficacia. En su inicio se utilizó para tratar la angina de pecho. hoy día es usado para el tratamiento de cualquier forma de taquicardia. Objetivo: Reconocer la prescripción de la Amiodarona y sus efectos adversos. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión descriptiva en las bases de datos de Lilacs donde se encontraron 18 artículos y en PubMed/Medline (Mesh) 206 artículos, de los cuales se le aplicaron los criterios de inclusión a 51 artículos. Conclusiones: La amiodarona es uno de los antiarrítmicos más utilizados para el tratamiento de las arritmias, su variedad de efectos adversos y toxicidad es conocida, por tanto, los pacientes en tratamiento ameritan un minucioso monitoreo(AU)


Introduction: Amiodarone is one of the most prescribed antiarrhythmic drugs in clinical practice due to its efficacy. Initially it was used to treat angina pectoris, however, today it is used to treat any form of tachycardia. Objective: To identify the prescription of amiodarone and its adverse effects. Methods: A descriptive review was carried out in Lilacs databases where 18 articles were found and in PubMed/Medline (Mesh) 206 articles were retrieved. The inclusion criteria were applied to 51 articles. Conclusions: Amiodarone is one of the most widely used antiarrhythmic drugs for the treatment of arrhythmias, its variety of adverse effects and toxicity is known, therefore, patients undergoing treatment justify careful monitoring(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Tachycardia/drug therapy , Tachycardia/epidemiology , Amiodarone/therapeutic use , Angina Pectoris/drug therapy , Epidemiology, Descriptive
3.
CorSalud ; 13(1): 1-8, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1345915

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: Las características clínico-epidemiológicas en el diagnóstico, evolución y tratamiento de los pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio en la era COVID-19 dependen de varios factores. Objetivos: Precisar el comportamiento de algunas variables clínico-epidemiológicas en la atención y tratamiento de los pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio en el curso de la COVID-19. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional en cuatro hospitales de atención secundaria en Cuba. Se utilizaron las siguientes variables: número de ingresos por infartos, mortalidad hospitalaria, tiempo de demora mayor de 4 horas desde el inicio de los síntomas y la llegada a la primera asistencia médica y el porcentaje de trombólisis. Se definieron dos grupos, los ingresados entre el 1 de marzo al 30 de septiembre de 2019 (Grupo I) y los ingresados en igual período pero del 2020 (Grupo II). Las comparaciones entre ambos grupos se realizaron utilizando el test de Chi cuadrado. Resultados: Existió una disminución de 53 ingresos por infarto agudo de miocardio en Las Tunas (112 vs. 159, p<0.05), con un incremento del número de ingresos en el Hospital Enrique Cabrera en los pacientes del grupo II (98 vs. 68, p<0.05). Se incrementó el número de fallecidos y la mortalidad hospitalaria en el grupo II en todos los centros con relación al grupo I. En la mayoría de los centros se incrementó la demora desde el inicio de los síntomas y la llegada al lugar de la primera asistencia médica. El porciento de trombólisis fue superior al 50% en la mayoría de los centros en el grupo II. Conclusiones: Las características de la COVID-19 pueden modificar aspectos clínicos y epidemiológicos en la atención y tratamiento de los pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio.


ABSTRACT Introduction: The clinico-epidemiological characteristics in the diagnosis, evolution and treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction in the COVID-19 era depend on several factors. Objectives: To determine the behavior of some clinico-epidemiological variables in the management of patients with acute myocardial infarction during de COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An observational study was carried out in four secondary care hospitals in Cuba. The following variables were used: number of admission due to acute myocardial infarction, hospital mortality, delay longer than four hours from the beginning of the symptoms to the arrival to the first medical assistance, and thrombolysis percentage. Two groups were defined, those admitted from March 1st to September 30th, 2019 (Group I) and those admitted in the same period, but from 2020 (Group II). Comparisons between both groups were made using the chi square test. Results: There was a decrease of 53 admissions due to acute myocardial infarction in Las Tunas (112 vs. 159; p<0.05), with an increase in the number of admissions in the Hospital Enrique Cabrera in patients from Group II (98 vs. 68; p<0.05). The number of deaths and hospital mortality in Group II increased in all the centers in relation to Group I. In most of the hospitals there was an increase of the time elapsed from the beginning of the symptoms to the arrival to the first medical assistance. Thrombolysis percentage in Group II was higher than 50% in most of the centers. Conclusions: The characteristics of COVID-19 may modify the clinical and epidemiological aspects in the management of patients with acute myocardial infarction.


Subject(s)
Acute Coronary Syndrome , Post-Lyme Disease Syndrome , COVID-19 , Myocardial Infarction
4.
CorSalud ; 12(3): 283-291, jul.-set. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1154033

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: Los cardiodesfibriladores mejoran la supervivencia de los pacientes con riesgo de muerte súbita cardíaca. Existen escasos datos en nuestro país acerca de su eficacia en el seguimiento. Objetivo: Describir la evolución en el seguimiento de los pacientes con primoimplante de un cardiodesfibrilador automático. Método: Estudio ambispectivo, longitudinal, en 47 pacientes con primoimplante de un cardiodesfibrilador en el período septiembre de 2007 a diciembre de 2016, con cierre el 31 de diciembre de 2017. La probabilidad acumulada de supervivencia se estimó a través de las curvas de Kaplan-Meier. Resultados: La edad media fue de 57 ± 14,6 años, con predominio del sexo masculino (74,5%) y la indicación en prevención secundaria (83%). Presentaron terapias apropiadas el 57,4% de los pacientes, terapias inapropiadas un 23,4%, proarritmia del cardiodesfibrilador un 14,9% y tormenta arrítmica el 12,8% de los pacientes. Las terapias apropiadas se relacionaron con la fracción de eyección ≤ 35% (p=0,022) y la edad (p=0,031). La supervivencia acumulada libre del primer evento a los cuatro años fue 34,7%. La mortalidad cardiovascular se relacionó con: existencia de cardiopatía estructural (p=0,044), fracción de eyección ≤ 35% (p<0,001), clase funcional III-IV (p=0,046), terapias apropiadas (p=0,014) y tormenta arrítmica (p=0,002). La supervivencia acumulada libre de mortalidad cardiovascular fue de 70,7% al cuarto año. Conclusiones: La supervivencia de los pacientes con cardiodesfibrilador es buena. La mortalidad se asocia a un mayor deterioro del estado cardiovascular y a las terapias del dispositivo.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators improve the survival of patients at risk of sudden cardiac death. There is relatively little data in our country about their follow-up effectiveness. Objective: To describe the outcome of patients with primo-implantation of an automatic cardioverter-defibrillator during follow-up. Methods: An ambispective longitudinal cohort study was conducted in 47 patients with primo-implantation of a cardioverter-defibrillator in the period September 2007 to December 2016, ending on December 31, 2017. The cumulative probability of survival was estimated through the Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: Mean age was 57 ± 14.6 years, with male predominance (74.5%) and indication in secondary prevention (83%). Adequate therapies were found in 57.4% of patients, inadequate therapies in 23.4%, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator proarrhythmia in 14.9% and arrhythmic storm in 12.8% of patients. Adequate therapies were related to an ejection fraction ≤ 35% (p=0.022) and age (p=0.031). Cumulative free survival from the first event at four years was 34,7%. Cardiovascular mortality was related to: existence of structural heart disease (p=0.044), ejection fraction ≤ 35% (p<0.001), functional class III-IV (p=0.046), adequate therapies (p=0.014) and arrhythmic storm (p=0.002). Cumulative free survival of cardiovascular mortality was 70.7% at the fourth year. Conclusions: The survival of patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator is satisfactory. Mortality is associated with further deterioration of cardiovascular status and with device therapies.


Subject(s)
Death, Sudden, Cardiac
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